I. An Overview of the EU ODA

II. The EU Classical ODA Subjects – the ACP Countries

III. Northern Africa – the Mediterranean Policy

IV. Relations with Asia and Latin America (ALA countries)

V. EU ODA – A Perfect..ible Model

VI. EU ODA and the Soft Power Concept

VII. The Universal Relevance of the EU Experience

VIII. Towards a Strengthened EU – Asia Cooperation on Development

IX. Conclusion

References

The article starts with an overview of the EU ODA, the author succinctly presenting the EU policy towards the ACP countries, Northern Africa, Asia and Latin America. This introductory section is followed by an analysis on the EU ODA policy as such which is considered to be still perfectible terms of consistency and coordination.
The article continues with an analysis of the EU ODA from the 'soft power' theory perspective. The author emphasizes that development assistance is linked to the notion of 'power' to the extent that it generates prestige, influence and persuasion in among international actors. This leads to the idea of ODA as a foreign policy instrument. As for the way the EU is using its ODA for achieving its foreign policy agenda, the author underlines the use of the economic and political 'the conditionality' as 'the hard edge of soft power.' On the same logic the author presents the more recent EU strategy of linking development to security, thus 'smartening' its 'soft power.'
In the second part of the article, the author reviews the possible relevance of EU ODA policy experience for Asia. The author stresses that despite major differences, the EU can provide enough 'prêt a porte' elements for other regions. Thus, based on the EU experience, a political will of individual regional actors, a basic institutional framework, an integrated ODA vision and a financial instrument to support it, are the ingredients to start a common regional ODA policy. At the very least, even the simple initiation of a form of cooperation and coordination of national ODA policies between the major regional donors in Asia will be a welcome step forward. In this context, the 'European Consensus on Development' strategy could inspire a similar 'Asian Consensus on Development.' The author also advocates the idea of an independent 'Asian Agency for Development.'
The article concludes with a pledge for a strengthened EU-Asia cooperation on development based on '3C formula': cooperation, coordination, concreteness.

Since the conclusion of its first FTA with Chile in 2003, Korea concluded FTAs with Singapore, the EFTA and ASEAN. FTAs with the U.S., India, and EU were signed in April 2007, August and October 2009, respectively; and are currently awaiting approval for ratification. The Korean government is currently negotiating FTAs with Canada, Mexico, the GCC, Australia, New Zealand and Peru. Korea's robust FTA policy is mainly due to expectations of benefits from bilateral/regional economic integration; including efficient resource allocation, economy of scale, and enhanced productivity, among others. Trade statistics during recent years reveal that trade with FTA members such as Chile, Singapore, and the ASEAN has increased dramatically. In addition, the Korean experience shows that the FTAs provided Korea with opportunities to upgrade economic infrastructure and adapt itself to global standards. This study aims to study the mid- and long-term policy directions to take maximum advantage of current FTAs. It focuses on national policies to tackle the challenge of FTAs rather than external negotiation strategies. Specifically, this study examines the effects of FTAs such as the EU, the NAFTA, and the CER on production, employment, and industrial structure in the OECD. This study implements the following two-stage approach. First, it will apply an unbalanced nested error components model to the pooled data for the full 30 country, 16 industry, and 24 year sample. Second, it implements both one-way and two-way error component regression models to take care of fixed effects and random effects along with country-specific and time-specific characteristics. This study demonstrates that the coefficient on FTAs is statistically significant and positive, when we apply the nested error components model to the pooled data on the full 16 industries in the OECD, meaning that FTAs tend to enhance the production and employment structures. When we analyze country-specific and time-specific effects using the fixed effects model as well as the random effects model for the six industries, the coefficient on FTAs turned out to have different signs depending on the industry. The FTAs tend to increase the production share of the metal industry but decrease textile and business services industries, which are statistically significant. The effects of FTAs on production shares in agriculture, food, and transport industries turned out to be statistically insignificant. On the other hand, the FTAs tend to decrease employment shares of agriculture, food, and business services industries, but increase those of metals and transport industries. This study also conducts case studies in the agricultural industry, the manufacturing industry and the services industry, which shows how countries have implemented structural adjustment policies in order to cope with the economic shocks that an FTA brought about. For the case of the agricultural industry, this study selected the avocado and corn industries of Mexico, the dairy industry of Australia, and the fishery industry of Denmark. In addition, reviewed among the manufacturing industry were the textile and apparel industry of the U.S., the automobile industry of Poland, the steel industry of the EU, and the shipbuilding industry of Australia. The services industries examined here include the health services industries of Thailand and Japan, and the finance industry of Mexico. As a result of FTA or market opening in general, one expects that trade and investment would increase, resources will be distributed effectively, and scale economies realized. However, these fruits of FTAs require considerable effort. Results of the case studies brings forward the important policy implication that countries should invest more effort into domestic industrial adjustment and institutional improvement, since FTA policy itself does not automatically give rise to economic benefits for the signatory state. This study analyzes the effects of FTAs through quantitative as well as qualitative approaches, thereby providing the policy implications from experiences of the OECD countries. When we reviewed Korea's national policies for handling the challenge of FTAs, it turned out that they were not fully effective in spite of notable achievements. In this respect, Korea's trade and structural adjustment policies should be implemented in the following direction. First, Korea will have to strengthen competitiveness in the newly growing and high-value-added industries where most benefits of FTAs are expected. The structural adjustment policies should be time-bound with a clear exit strategy, and their transparency should be enhanced to make sure that government budgets are executed effectively and negative consequences from FTAs addressed properly. Second, trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) policies should be upgraded to the level of advanced countries, especially in terms of service liberalization and legal institutions related to FDIs. In addition, the utilization rate of FTA preferential tariffs should be enhanced in order to maximize profits without any additional costs. Korea should take follow-up measures to address obstacles to the utilization of FTAs by businesses. Third, Korea can address the consequences from FTAs only when such effort is accompanied by trade adjustment policies. Especially, a simple scheme of injury compensation is not enough. The trade adjustment assistance program, a useful policy tool to minimize injuries of market opening, should be effectively developed and managed; inclusion of regional support scheme can be a part of the future progress. Fourth, the Korean government must also improve economic infrastructures as well as legal bases for economic activities; such as factor market regulations, competition law, etc.

International commodity prices, including oil prices that experienced a dramatic fall during global recession, are on the rise again. Oil prices have reached their highest for this year while copper and nickel have also rallied strongly compared to the beginning of this year. The rise of commodity prices comes amid speculation that excessive liquidity and increasing demand from China and other countries are driving the commodity market. Although it is difficult to predict the price changes in the commodity market given the complex nature of the factors causing price fluctuations; the dominant view of most analysts, from their comprehensive price forecasts, seems to be that the market is headed upward. Expectations of early recovery from global recession have already prevailed, and it is regarded as a fact that higher oil price will consequently follow.
As a country poor in natural resources, South Korea has repeatedly faced difficulties when commodity prices became unstable. Sole reliance on importing for acquisition of strategic resources provides Korea with no guarantees whatsoever for securing those resources. Therefore, it would be more practical for us to heighten our own level of development via direct investment measures.
This research intends to provide solutions for stable resource acquisition and thus our strategic approaches toward this end have been elicited by studying 4 regions: Russia, Central Asia, Latin America and Africa. There have already been many studies concerning overseas resource development since it has emerged as a major and current issue. But, as previously mentioned, this paper takes on a local perspective, to find strategies tailored to each region, something that was not emphasized in past studies. The region-specific strategy here can also be regarded as 'customized' plans that take account of our capabilities and needs of partner countries for cooperation. I hope this paper can provide useful guidance to those in government, corporate sectors and others who have interest in the field. The local customization strategy drawn from this paper can be summarized as below.
The following 4 methods of the local customization are suggested for Russian region. First, implement cross investment strategy for utilizing both upper/down streams. This can be carried out in the context of Korean companies purchasing a Russian energy company (or parent company) while the Korean government can allow Russia to acquire stocks from domestic gas energy firms. Also, for the sake of strengthening cooperative ties involving South Korea-North Korea-Russia, South Korea can participate together with Russia in North Korea's energy infrastructure industry, thereby establishing shared rights either for construction and management in the LNG areas of the Far East or for gas fields in the East Siberia. The second is active participation in the energy industry through M&A. There has been a boom recently for domestic and overseas M&A activities as the country is implementing restructuring plans for its energy industry. It is also recommended that Koreans invest in Russian energy companies through equity purchase or strategic alliance because stocks of many Russian energy firms are underpriced due to falling international commodities prices. Third, it is important to examine the political power dynamics in Russia and direction for possible impact on restructuring policies for their energy industry. The key players in Korean-Russian collaboration are the federal government, state-owned companies, and local government and so forth. Therefore, the first step would be to accurately understand what goes on in the energy industry and its power structure by carefully observing policies laid out by the central government and state-owned firms following, and the local governments that have jurisdiction over legal, institutional permits in the development regions; then seeking ways to take cooperation among those parties to a higher level. Furthermore, detailed analysis on the prospect of the Russian energy industry is necessary. The fourth method is to involve another country's participation in line with our cooperative activities with Russia. As Russia is expanding its resource development efforts in the CIS region as well as in Africa, there is a need to find ways to make joint investments concerning the development plan. For example, a consortium can be set up with Gazprom for developing coal mines in the Central Asia or Korea can secure a shared role in Algeria's LNG technology development project.
With respect to resource development in Central Asia, we have suggested the following four region-tailored strategy plans. First is resource development strategy in accordance with the country's power structure and its petrochemical industry. As Central Asian countries like Kazakhstan have given much focus to industry diversification by fostering non-petroleum industries, we need to ponder upon potential for cooperation in the region to constantly pursue co-investment strategy, together with plans for resource development and entry into energy industries in the region. The range of opportunities include power plant construction, oil field investment, nuclear power plant and uranium coal mine construction, coal processing plants, and petrochemical plants as well as simultaneous entry into resource development projects. Second, building cooperative resource infrastructure by way of financial collaboration can be actively contemplated. Central Asian countries in the midst of global recession are keenly aware of South Korean capacities in recovering from the foreign exchange crisis and they are actively asking South Korea's advice on improving their own financial systems. From the Korean perspective, there are no major technical difficulties to be negotiated, and this can be an effective way of doing business with regard to transferring our experience and contributing to the development of Central Asian financial industries. In the long run, we can assume that the growing needs for financial cooperation among Central Asian nations can help us lead such financial collaboration and convert it naturally into energy-related collaboration. Third suggestion is a go-around-entry strategy via Turkey. Based on the country's historical relation with other countries in Central Asia, Turkey has been expanding their political/economic influence over the region, and we can form a strategic alliance with Turkish firms to facilitate our entry. Lastly, Koreans can contemplate diplomatic policies with Central Asian countries concerning natural resources. Unlike Latin American nations or African states, the political structure of Central Asian nations is not given to frequent regime change, meaning cooperative relations with them could be sustained for an extensive time period. There is a need to heighten the status of diplomatic meetings, from deputy secretary-level to prime minister-level, which was the case during the 'Korea-Central Asia Cooperative Forum'. Furthermore, there is a need to improve the degree of exchange/communication with the new leaders in the states, where political prospects of ruling parties have not yet to be confirmed.
In case of Latin America, we have suggested a plan comprising of five region-tailored strategies. First is an entry strategy through specialization in specific role in public and private sectors depending on the investment environment in Latin America. The region contains some countries engaged in 'resource nationalism' in which political/economic risks can be very high. In this respect, for entry into less risky countries, private companies should take a role in establishing specialization structures while public companies (or government) that have a comparatively higher capabilities for dealing with the political/economic risk should take the lead in the high- risk countries. Second is by forming a strategic alliance for cooperation with the Ibero-American region. The need to build a strategically cooperative relation with National Oil Company (NOC) that attained an exclusive position among resource-rich countries in the region precedes any other process. Also, we need to actively devise a way to establish tri-party cooperative systems (South Korea-Iberoamerica-Latin America) by teaming up with firms such as RespolYPF, Galp and other Ibero-American firms beforehand, as they have linguistic/cultural/historical ties with Latin America along with much experience in entering into domestic market. By doing so, Korea can aggressively pursue the regional resource development market and then can think of entering other actively-invested areas like Africa or other alternative regions. Third is through international organizations (IO) in Latin America. Korea should first consider going into Latin American resource development market via the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), in which South Korea has been a member since 2005. More specific measures include △Using credit for financing resource development projects, △promoting coal mining technology collaboration through the IDB trust fund, △partnership with IBD in corporate social responsibility activities. Furthermore, it is necessary to join OLADE, the only organization for energy cooperation in Latin America, which can provide a channel in which to create opportunities for entry and conditions for investment. The fourth can be executed as a combination of industry coordination promotion strategies. Brazil has emerged as one of the world's top 10 petroleum-exporting counties and it has nurtured top-notch technology in ocean-oil field extraction. On the other hand, South Korea is arguably the world's best in both ship-building and marine engineering industries, which can serve Brazil's needs. A win-win cooperative model should be established between the two countries through high-tech coordination between the oil and shipbuilding industries. A fifth suggestion involves developing a resource-development FTA model. When promoting FTA among MERCOSUR, Peru, Columbia and other resource-rich countries in Latin America, a new FTA cooperative model must be developed. We especially need to benchmark the case of China, who included clearly-outlined details for resource development in the FTA agreements.
For Africa, we have also present a plan consisting of five suggestions. First of all, since Africa is divided into 53 nations with different investment potentials and conditions, we need to consider each country's unique characteristics in formulating entry strategy. This research provides suggestions for entry based on African resource-development market characteristics, divided into 3 categories. A second suggestion involves promotion of joint-entry (resource-industry linked). Joint-entry strategy can be deemed a conceptually wise model in terms of increasing resource development investment opportunities by combining together Korea's competitive industries and SOC, and also ease the complicated overseas expansion process for related industries. However, the validity of such a model is questionable since it poses some problems upon close examination. Effective operation of a joint-entry strategies depend on the level of detailed preparation and internal mediation among participant firms, and also on the government's active role as a coordinator. However, limitations found in joint-entry strategies are mostly of a pragmatic nature involved in its implementation, rather than conceptual ones concerning entry strategy itself. Our third suggestion is that there is a need to strengthen diplomatic ties with resource-rich countries. If we take into account of the fact that most African countries are ruled by authoritarian regimes, a more effective method of acquiring resources would rely on diplomatic bargaining power of the Korean government. This research has designated 󰡔4 plus 3󰡕 nations as a target for top-priority resource diplomacy. The fourth suggestion is an infrastructure-building scheme through resource coordination for development collaboration, such as new village construction. Since general entry methods merely aimed at acquiring resources is both short-lived and is subject to unexpected errors that may result, we need to include official development assistance (ODA) in the resource cooperative efforts between South Korea and Africa. The growth of development collaboration can lead to economic cooperation and partnership and will eventually benefit Korea by stabilizing the acquisition process for energy resources. Fifth, we also need to establish a base for entry by providing assistance for development studies. Also, to overcome entrance difficulties due to variable costs and risks, entering companies will require government subsidies. One of the examples is development studies business. In regard to development studies, government can provide meaningful financial support to private firms launching businesses in the newly developing nations, to supplement the firms' initial costs and risks. In addition, our companies are faced with several problems when trying to launch businesses in the African resource development market, and so, assistance for development studies could perform a kind of leverage to facilitate their business activities. Trust funds from African Development Bank (AfDB) are mainly used for examining business potential (F/S) of its big-scale development plan and technology collaboration projects, and thus, it is urgent that we find ways to utilize trust funds from AfDB to discover new businesses and to link EDCF business plans with the implementation of such activities.
The research above has presented several strategies tailored to each region - from the perspective of a regional studies expert, but there may be other plans that are region-specific and thus customized. And suggestions from this paper are inevitably subject to necessary modifications with respect to changes in environments of the related countries. For instance, joint-entry plan mentioned here has the potential risk of contract breach if there is a regime change like in Nigeria. In this aspect, this research focuses more on regional characteristics to devise customized strategies rather than that of general or comprehensive plans for resource development overseas, and therefore the paper necessarily contains some logical weaknesses in refuting basic assumptions. For example, in the case of region-tailored plans for Russia and Central Asia, it is difficult to evoke a general consensus among experts because both business potentials and problems are inherent within the regions, and furthermore, it is not easy to establish a consistent policy due to an array of preferences and opposing opinions that become mingled into a complex mix. Nevertheless, in order to establish a realistic and pragmatic policy measure, we need to differentiate each plan according to characteristics of the respective regions and environmental factors, since such an approach seems more meaningful. For this reason, we should leave opposing arguments about relevant strategies and problems as major issues to be solved in the future.

This study aims to address structural changes in the Japanese economy after the prolonged recession revealed by the global economic crisis. Such changes paved the way for the opposition party's landslide electoral victory over the 'perennial ruling party' for the first time in Japan since 1955. In addition, they provide some lessons for Korea, in that Koreans have witnessed phenomena similar to Japan's in many respects. This also shedslight on the expenditure aspect of Japan's economy, that is, stagnation of household consumption under circumstances of rising dependence on exports.
From 2002 to 2007, Japan experienced a boom driven by unprecedented level of exports, attributable mainly to the devaluation of the Yen and low wages of Japanese workers. The so-called 'centennial stagnation' of Japan's economy following the global economic crisis was a sign that structural limits of the country had been exposed; and that Japan, the world's second-largest economic power where household consumption accounts for more than half of the country's GDP, while exports only consisted about 13% of Japan's average annual GDP during the period although Japan was heavily reliant on them. In this context, Japan's unprecedented export-driven boom during the period was in fact a fragile one and was also the cause of the centennial stagnation that started with the global crisis in 2008. The long-lasting stagnation of household consumption stemmed from sluggish increases in wage levels, yet the other side of the coin was that low wages were the very factor making Japanese firms morecompetitive in terms of prices of its exports.
The household consumption has been slowed down, first of all, by deterioration of wage income levels in Japan. In particular, decrease in wage income stands in stark contrastto increases in incomes of firms, an increase without parallel in history of the Japanese manufacturing sector by virtue of the export boom. The more basic reason can befound in the fact that most Japanese firms conducted large-scale layoffs involving regular employees. They were replaced by temporary workers whose wages are even lower and level of employment protection so weak as to make dismissal much easier than regular workers. The wage level of the total workforce also dropped due to retirement en masse of baby-boomers whose wage levels were at the top of wage profile. Future uncertainty such as employment anxiety or lack of security for the aged further increased inactive household consumption. The failure of Japanese government policy was also among reasons contributing to such uncertainty.
This study provides Korea with some lessons, in the form of examples both good and bad. First, Korea needs to engage in efforts to minimize the volatility of external variables, for stable export growth. Second, it is inevitable for Korean firms to keep wage income levels steady in order to maintain their volume of sales revenues through promotion of household consumption. Finally, Koreans should prepare, for the coming of the 'aged society', where the number of persons more than 65 years of age occupies 14% or more of the total population which is happening in Korea faster than anywhere else in the world, even though Korea's fiscal deficit level is a bit better than Japan's.

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This paper focuses on effects of UN's economic sanctions on exports and imports of North Korea. The analysis is based on applying Difference-in-Difference methods to gravity model. The result of the empirical analysis indicates that UN's economic sanctions against North Korea in 2006 did not have any significant effect on its exports and imports. This paper suggests four aspects of policy implications based on the empirical results.

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FTAs including KORUS FTA and others, negotiated after the announcement of U.S.A's New Trade Policy in May 2006, have incorporated an Article about Environmental Agreements. The Article asks the Parties to the FTAs to adopt, maintain, and implement laws, regulations, and all other measures to fulfill its obligations for the covered Multilateral Environmental Agreements(MEAs).
The covered MEAs are seven MEAs which Parties to the various FTAs are also parties to: (a) CITES(Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) (b) Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, (c) MARPOL(MARine POLlution) 73/78, (d) Ramsar Convention(Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat), (e) CCAMLR(Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources), (f) ICRW(International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling), (g) IATTC(Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission).
CITES and Montreal Protocol apparently have specific trade obligations included in them. IATTC and CCAMLR are either using or tdeing to mobilize trade measures to achieve their own environmental goals. The other three MEAs, however, have no direct relationship with trade. The inclusion of these three MEAs in trade agreements such as KORUS FTA may be the outcome of the simultaneous support of both trade and environment.
Parties to the KORUS FTA also committed not to lower environmental standards. In addition, KORUS FTA is actually following NAFTA's lead, after NAFTA opened new ground by providing specific language on its relationship to a number of MEAs. In cases where NAFTA rules and the obligations of certain trade-related MEAs come into conflict, the latter shall prevail, provided that the measure chosen is at least consistent with NAFTA obligations.
KORUS FTA also stipulated that in the event of any inconsistency between a Party''s obligations under the KORUS FTA and one of the covered agreements, the Party shall seek to balance its obligations under both agreements. But this shall not preclude the Party from taking a particular measure to comply with its obligations under the covered agreement, provided that the primary purpose of the measure is not to impose a disguised restriction on trade.
This shows that regional agreements can act as grounds for creating innovative solutions to trade and environmental issues, where the WTO has made scanty progress. And it highlights an important recent phenomenon that trade agreements can serve as the foundation for international cooperation on non-trade issues such as the environment.
As a result of binding commitments strengthening ties between MEAs and FTAs promoted by the U.S.A., a new community is emerging which is strongly committed to natural conservation or environmental protection. And those countries that have signed an FTA with the U.S.A. after the adoption of the New Trade Policy are expected to have indirect effects on the MEAs covered.
In general, the expansion of regional trade agreements like these will be helpful for sustainable development and conservation, for example, of marine resources as well. This situation could, however, erode the strength of the multilateral system where small countries like Korea have negotiating strength.

Preface

sessionxx I.Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and Policy Responses of the International Community for North Korea's Market-Opening

1.Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and Policy Responses of the International Community / Charles L. Pritchard
Introduction
Background
The April Missile Launch
Missile Moratorium Primer
Violation or Not
UNSC Presidential Statement
The Nuclear Test
The Way Forward
Conclusion

2.East Asia Peace Community and the Korean Unification / Seungjoo Baek
What is East Asia Peace Community?
Current Northeast Conflicts
East Asia Peace Community and the Unification of the Korean Peninsula
Conclusion

3.North Korea Market Opening and Response of theInternational Community /Yuzhi Qiao
Introduction
Why do North Korea's Reform and Opening Have Limitations and Cannot Be Sustained?
What External Terms Let North Korea to Continue the Reform?
Response of the International Community
Summary and Concluding Remarks

sessionxx II.Prospects of Relations between North Korea and Neighbor Countries in the Post Kim-Jeong-Il Regime and Policy Responses of US, China, Russia and Japan toward the New Regime

4.Prospects for U.S.-North Korean Relations in the Post Kim-Jeong-Il Regime and U.S. Policies toward North Korea / Scott Snyder
Introduction
Three Big Challenges Facing A Post Kim-Jeong-Il Leadership: Implications for U.S.-DPRK Relations
North Korea's Succession Management Process: Implication for U.S.-DPRK Relations
Conclusion

5.China-North Korea Relations in the Post Cold War Era: Review and Prospect / Huji Zhao
Similar Political Ideas and Values Alliances
Changes in Political Ideas and the Weakening of Alliances
The Lack of Common Strategic Objectives and Weakening of the Alliance

6.Prospects of Russia-DPRK Relations in the Post Kim Jeong Il Regime Time and Russia's Policies toward North Korea / Alexander Zhebin
Introduction
Russia in Search of a New Paradigm of Korean Policy
Russia and Nuclear Problem in Korea
Russia and Inter-Korean Relations
Russia's Security Guarantees to the DPRK: Pros and Cons
Russia-North Korea Relations: Pragmatism and Stability
Conclusion

7.Prospect to the Normalization of the Relations between Japan and DPRK / Narihiko Ito

Appendix

1. Discussion Papers for the Part I
2. Discussion Papers for the Part II

Programs

Despite the peaceful environments in most parts of the world, the security tension on the Korean peninsula has increased following North Korea's recent nuclear test. For peace and security on the Korean peninsula and in the East Asian region as well, two critical factors are emphasized. First it is critical for North Korea to relinquish mass destruction weapons which threaten other countries with their peace and security. Second, it is essential for North Korea to adopt a market-oriented economy system for substantial development. The international community faces a significant challenge inducing North Korea to be disarmed and to transit to a market-oriented economy. By being faced with North Korea's second nuclear test, this international conference on North Korea's is timely and important for discussing policy implications.

Message from the President
On Publishing the 2008 KIEP Annual Report
Mission and Brief History

Ⅰ. Overview of KIEP Projects and Activities

1. Overview of Projects
• Outline and Current State of Research Projects
• International Macroeconomics and Finance
• Mid-and-Long-term Trade Strategies
• FTA/DDA Policy
• FDI/ODI
• Regional Economic Studies
• International Development and Cooperation
• Other Policies

2. Affiliated Bodies and Research-related Activities
• Center for International Development Cooperation
• DDA Research Center
• National Center for APEC Studies
• Korea's Official Pool of International Economists (KOPIE)
• SNU-KIEP EU Center
• KIEP Beijing Office
• Korea Economic Institute (KEI) in Washington, D.C.
• Joint KIEP-SAIS Research
• International Seminars and Policy Councils
• KIEP Economic Analysis Model and DB Project
• Asian Economic Panel (AEP) and Publication of Related Academic Journal
• Reinforcement of Regional Economic Studies Project
• Training of Regional Specialists Through Joint Ventures Involving KIEP and
Graduate Schools of International Studies
• Strengthening of Cooperation with Research Institutes Abroad
• Information Management
• Publications
• Informatization
• Public Relations

Ⅱ. Review of 2008 Projects

1. Research Trends in 2008

2. Basic Research Tasks

Multilateral and Bilateral Trade Policy Amidst Changes in the Global Trade Environment
• A Study on Korea's Strategies for Mode 4 Negotiations in Trade in Services:
Implications for Independent Professionals
• Analysis of Main Texts and Commitment Schedules of
China's Previous FTA Service Agreements
• Comparative Analysis of FTA Agreements by Korea, China, and Japan, and
Policy Implications for a Northeast Asia FTA
• The Reformation of the WTO System and Korea's Response
• Empirical Analysis of Factors Affecting Korea's Trade Structure and Current Account
• Improvement of Trade Adjustment Assistance Program as a Social Safety Net
• Korea's FTA Rules of Origin: Review and Future Strategy
• An Analysis on the Characteristics of Japan's EPAs and
Policy Implications on Korea-Japan FTA

Responses to the Changes in the International Macroeconomic Environment
• Major Issues on APEC Economic Cooperation and Policy Implications
• Crisis and Internationalization of the Korean Won II
• Market-Oriented Economy Education in Transition Countries and
Applicability of the Education Experience to North Korea

International Capital Flows
• Development Strategies for Higher Education in an Era of Globalization
• Cross-border M&As and Implications for Korean Direct Investment Abroad
• Changes in the Pattern of International Capital Movements and
Financing of the Current Account Deficit of the United States

Regional Studies and Study of Measures for Cooperation with Various Regions
• China's Consumer Market
• Korean Firms' Investment and Future Agenda in Russia
• Korea's Economic Cooperation Strategies toward Latin America:
A Perspective from Its IDB Membership
• The Assessment of Korea's Capacity as Foreign Aid Donor
• Korea's Systematic Approach of ODA Policy toward Africa

3. Periodical Publications
Journal of International Economic Studies (JIES)
World Economy Update

Ⅲ. Research Projects in 2009

1. Summary of Research Projects in 2009

2. Basic Research Goals in 2009

3. Basic Research Tasks
• The Reorganization of the International financial Order in the Aftermath of
the Subprime Mortgage Crisis and the Implications Thereof
• The Maximization of FTA Effects, and the Direction of
Domestic Policy & Restructuring Efforts
• Outlook for the Development of China's Distribution Service Industry and
Analysis of the Use Thereof-With a Special Focus on Telecommunication Sales
• Analysis of the Current Tasks and Policy Measures
Related to the Actualization of an East Asian FTA
• The Influence of Foreign Capital on the Korean Bond and
Derivatives Markets and Policy Implications Thereof
• Macroeconomic Stabilization Policies in the Face of Global Shocks
• Analysis of the Economic Influence of the DDA and the Current State of
Domestic Policy as Pertains to the Efficient Implementation Thereof
• Economic Impact of an APEC FTAAP and Korea's Future Strategy
• The Development of Korea's Business Service Industry Amidst Changes
in the Global Environment: With a Special Focus on the IT Service Industry
• Analysis of Barriers to Service Trade in Major Countries
and the Policy Implications Thereof
• Analysis of the Domestic Investment Environment as Pertains to
the Promotion of FDI and the Policy Implications Thereof
• Japan's Low Carbon Society Strategy
• Conceptualizing Korea-Russia Economic Cooperation
in the Era of Strategic Partnerships
• The Implications of the United States and Canada's Green Growth Strategy
• Assessment of Korean Enterprises' Investment in Central and
South America and the Implications Thereof
• Study on the Effective Implementation of a KOR-ASEAN FTA –
With a Special Focus on Commodity Trade
• Conveying Korea's Agricultural Development Experiences to Africa
• Analysis of the Korea-China-Japanese Service Industry Trade Structure and
of Their Respective FDI Environments
• Analysis of Obstacles to North Korean Economic Cooperation and the Easing Thereof
• Korea's National Strategy with Regards to the Rise of China
• Analysis of the Effects of a KOR-EU FTA and the Future Direction of EU Trade Policy
• World Economy under the G-20 (mid & long-term trade strategy)

Ⅳ. Appendix

A Glimpse at KIEP
• Organizational Structure
• Main Research Focus
• Staff

In 2008, those of us at KIEP had designated four main research topics we deemed most pertinent to current circumstances, and engaged in twenty major projects in line with those topics. These include negotiations for liberalization of the services market and other multilateral trade issues in response to WTO regime reforms and other changes in the world trading environment; economic cooperation in APEC and other regional issues; and current bilateral trade issues including free trade agreements. KIEP conducted research to address changes in the macroeconomic environment surrounding Korea, such as changes the internationalization of the Korean won as a result of Korea's increasing prominence on the international economic scene, and presented basic resource materials and provided directions to prepare for changes in North Korea. Policy responses to global inequalities in light of the current rapid transnational movement of capital were forwarded, in addition to measures to facilitate Korea's entry into foreign markets and attract foreign investment. In recognition of rising demand for research on the world's regions, KIEP did not limit itself to providing data on Korea's major trading partners such as the US or China, but made efforts to provide basic data on Central/South America and Africa that had hitherto been lacking.

없음

As of 31 December 2008, Russia initiated two anti-dumping investigations and imposed one measure with respect to Korean goods. In light of expanding trade between two countries with Korea posting a trade surplus since 2006, Russia is expected to more frequently use its anti-dumping mechanism against Korean products. The Federal Law on Safeguard, Anti-dumping and Countervailing Measures Relating to the Importation of Goods (2003) is Russia's key anti-dumping legislation. Its provisions largely reiterate WTO's anti-dumping disciplines and include some new elements such as a public interest and anti-monopoly clause.
This study examines substantive and procedural aspects of Russia's anti-dumping law and practice, compares them with WTO rules and explores some implications for Korea from both private and public perspectives.